Andreas Kostenberger and Michael Kruger have presented to the Christian world a fascinating account, and rebuttal, of an old idea that seems to keep rearing its ugly head.  In The Heresy of Orthodoxy:  How Contemporary Culture's Fascination with Diversity Has Reshaped Our Understanding of Early Christianity the authors address the Bauer thesis and its more recent adoption by New Testament textal critic and media favorite Bart Ehrman.  The Bauer thesis, first articulated by Walter Bauer (the famed lexicographer) in the 1940s (and subsequently refuted), argued that early Christianity was originally a congeries of contradictory factions, and that what is now called orthodoxy arose later (in the church at Rome) and suppressed the original (and undoubtedly wonderfully diffuse and dynamic) diversity.  In other words, the early church included groups later labeled heretical (e.g., Gnostics) but that were not viewed as such initially.   Even though this thesis has been subjected to substantial criticism over the years, Ehrman has picked it up again, and--due to the pluralistic culture in which we live--the discredited theory has gained renewed traction.  Enter the new book.  This is certainly a book that scholars, ministers, church officers, and the interested layperson will want to examine.  You can buy a copy here.